Describe the main goal of motivational interviewing.

The primary goal of motivational interviewing is to enhance motivation to change. This client-centered counseling style is designed to elicit and strengthen motivation within an individual, particularly in contexts such as substance use disorders or behavioral changes related to health.

In this approach, the emphasis is placed on exploring and resolving ambivalence concerning change, rather than directing or imposing advice. This allows clients to articulate their own reasons for wanting to make changes, fostering a sense of ownership over the process. By focusing on the individual's personal motivations and readiness to change, motivational interviewing supports sustainable behavior modification and encourages commitment to action.

The other choices do not align with the fundamental principles of motivational interviewing. Direct advice for behavior change can often lead to resistance rather than empowerment. Focusing on past behavior may overlook the individual's current motivations and desires, which are critical for facilitating change. Assessing cognitive abilities is unrelated to the aims of motivational interviewing, as it is more about understanding and enhancing an individual's motivation rather than evaluating their cognitive skills.