What is considered the first-line treatment for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?

The first-line treatment for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). This class of medications is favored because they effectively increase serotonin levels in the brain, which helps to improve mood and reduce anxiety symptoms. SSRIs are well-studied and have demonstrated efficacy in treating GAD, along with a favorable side-effect profile compared to other medication classes.

In pharmacological treatment guidelines, SSRIs are often preferred due to their balanced effectiveness and lower risk of dependence compared to benzodiazepines. While benzodiazepines can provide rapid relief of anxiety symptoms, they are generally recommended for short-term use due to the potential for tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal symptoms with prolonged use. Antipsychotics are not typically used as a first-line treatment for GAD; they may be prescribed for specific cases or comorbid conditions but are not standard in the treatment of anxiety disorders. Psychodynamic therapy, although beneficial in some cases, is not considered a first-line treatment as the initial course of action typically involves medication management followed by therapy when needed.