What is the mechanism of action of SSRIs?

The mechanism of action of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) is primarily focused on inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin in the synaptic cleft. By blocking the serotonin transporter (SERT), SSRIs increase the concentration of serotonin available for neurotransmission. This action enhances serotonergic activity in the brain, which is believed to play a crucial role in alleviating symptoms of depression and anxiety disorders. The increased availability of serotonin helps to improve mood and emotional regulation, making SSRIs effective in the treatment of various mood disorders.

In contrast, the other options pertain to different neurotransmitter systems and do not directly describe the mechanism of action for SSRIs. For instance, inhibiting dopamine absorption relates to dopaminergic pathways, which is characteristic of other classes of medications, such as certain antipsychotics. Blocking the release of norepinephrine is more aligned with specific antidepressants that target noradrenergic pathways. Increasing glutamate levels can influence excitatory neurotransmission but is not relevant to how SSRIs function. Understanding the specific action of SSRIs ensures clarity in their therapeutic use and the biological basis for their effects.