Which disorder is characterized by emotional instability and a fluctuating self-image?

Borderline personality disorder is characterized by significant emotional instability and a fluctuating self-image. Individuals with this disorder often experience intense emotions and rapid changes in their mood, leading to difficulties in maintaining stable relationships and a consistent sense of self. This instability can result in impulsive behaviors, feelings of emptiness, and intense episodes of anger, anxiety, or depression.

A key feature of borderline personality disorder is the way individuals view themselves and their relationships with others; they may oscillate between idealizing someone and suddenly feeling that they are devalued. This can lead to a turbulent sense of identity that varies significantly over time. Treatment often focuses on emotional regulation and improving interpersonal skills, helping clients develop a more stable self-image and healthier relationships.

The other disorders listed do not share this specific pattern of emotional instability and self-image fluctuations. Anxiety disorders generally involve excessive worry and fear rather than dramatic mood swings. Major depressive disorder features persistent sadness and loss of interest, rather than the shifting emotions characteristic of borderline personality disorder. Obsessive-compulsive disorder is marked by intrusive thoughts and compulsive behaviors that do not directly relate to emotional instability or self-image concerns.